Geography 8th class
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chapter 1*
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Geographical Features
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Q1----Name the following:-
a) A small scale map showing country of the world-----
A)Political Map
b) The ratio between vertical interval and horizontal equivalent---
A)Gradient
c) Map showing natural and man-made details of a given area with the help of signs.-----
A)Large Scale Map
d) The difference in height between two successive contour lines--- A)Contour Interval
e) A group of settlements which have come up around a temple---
A)Nucleated Settlements
Q2----Answer in brief:--
i) which organisation has developed toposheets of India?
Ans)---Survey of India is the organisation wich develops toposheets of india.
ii) Q*what do contour lines show?
Ans)--- Contour lines are imaginary lines joining places of the same height above sea level. Contour lines are drawn in brown they are drawn in a regular interval they are the two types of brown lines.
iii) Q*what are the different colours used on a toposheet? what is each colour used for?
Ans)----Different coloure used on toposheet to explain variety of information about physical feature and information represented throughe various coloure.
1* Black colour is used for showen all names ,broken Grounds river banks, dry stream ,surveyed trees, Heights and their numbering , Railway lines , telephone and telegraph Lines, lines of latitudes and longitudes on map.
2* Red colour is used for Grid lines, and their numbering, roads ,carts tracks, settlements, huts and buildings on map.
3* Yellow colour is used for cultivated land on map.
4* Green colour used for forested area , scattered trees.
5* Blue colour is used for water bodies like Lake, kennels etc.
6* White colour is used for uncultivated land.
7* Brown colour is used for contour lines and their numbering from lines, sand features.
iv)Q*-- what are the features of contour lines?
Ans)--- Lines joining places of the same height above sea level they are drawn in brown colour is called contour lines on map. With the help of contour lines on get an idea of :
------the the height of a place
-------the steepness of slope
------ the shape or form of the relief features at different elevations.
v)--- If you are looking at circular concentric pattern of contour lines, what feature would you be looking at?
Ans)----I would be looking a hill or mountain.
Q3-----Distinguish between:-
i) yellow background and green background on a toposheet----
Ans--Difference between a yellow background and a green background. The difference lies in the colour both the backgrounds attain. The green background attains a green colour and the yellow backgrounds attains a yellow colour. Yellow background refers to all the cultivated areas which are shown in a yellow wash
ii) Temporary settlements and permanent settlements------Examples of temporary settlements are; deep forests, hot and cold deserts, mountains. People living in such temporary settlements practice hunting, gathering, shifting cultivation and transhumance. Permanent Settlement: In these settlements people build homes to live in.
iii) A steep slope and gentle slope-----Contour lines are the line on a map joining points of equal height above or below sea level. When contour lines are closer to each other, then slope is called steep slope. When contour lines are further apart from each other, then slope is gentle slope.
iv) linear and Nucleated settlements-----Nucleated settlements are ones where the houses are grouped closely together, often around a central feature like a church, pub or village green. ... Linear settlements are settlements where the buildings are constructed in lines, often next to a geographical feature like a lake shore, a river or following a road.
v) index contour and intermediate contour------Such lines are called index contour lines. They are usually labeled with their corresponding elevations. Contour lines (thinner lines) between index contours are called intermediate contour lines. ... The elevation difference or vertical distance between two adjacent contour lines would be 20 meters (100 : 5 = 20
Q4-- what is a cartography?
Ans)---- the study of map making is called cartography. while A person who makes map as a profession is known as the cartographer.
Q5--- define the different types of maps?
Ans)---- Maps are generally of two basic types based on their size and on their content and purpose.
....Based on size there are two type map small scale maps and large scale maps.
..... based on content and purpose there are three types of map physical map ,maps political maps and
thematic maps
Q6-- what is the contour interval of the toposheet?
Ans)-- The contour interval of the toposheet is 20m.
Q7--- what is a topographical maps?
Ans).... detailed maps of all topographical features both natural and man made is called top of the physical map.
Q8--- what is a gradient?
Ans)--- gradient it refers to the slope of the land .It shows the steepness of the land. It is the ratio between the vertical Heights and the horizontal distance measured along the ground.
gradient =
vertical interval /horizental
The End